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Events:

  • 1846: Under the Treaty of Amritsar, the British sold the region of Jammu and Kashmir to Maharaja Gulab Singh for 7.5 million Nanak Shahi rupees, bringing the area under Dogra rule.
  • 1926: American scientist Robert H. Goddard launched the first liquid-fueled rocket, revolutionizing space exploration.
  • 1959: Iraq and the Soviet Union signed an economic and technical cooperation agreement, strengthening their bilateral relations.
  • 1977: A new English translation of the Bible was published, bringing accessibility to a broader audience.
  • 1988: During the Iran-Iraq War, Iraq launched a chemical weapons attack on the Kurdish region of Halabja, resulting in the deaths of approximately 5,000 people and injuring around 10,000. This tragic event brought international attention to the atrocities committed.
  • 2007: The Inter-American Development Bank forgave $4.4 billion in debt owed by five of the poorest countries: Bolivia, Honduras, Nicaragua, Haiti, and Guyana.
  • 2008: Scientists at Harvard University discovered a method to stop the growth of cancer cells in the human body, a groundbreaking development in cancer research.
  • 2008: In South Waziristan, Pakistan, a U.S. missile strike killed 20 people and injured eight, marking a significant moment in the ongoing conflict in the region.

Births:

  • 1751: James Madison, 4th President of the United States.
  • 1877: Reza Shah Pahlavi, Shah of Iran.

 

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