Events:
- 37
CE – Caligula Becomes Emperor: Caligula is officially declared Emperor
of Rome after the death of Tiberius.
- 1766
– Repeal of the Stamp Act: The British Parliament repeals the Stamp
Act, which had imposed taxes on the American colonies, contributing to
rising tensions that led to the American Revolution.
- 1848
– Start of the German Revolution: The March Revolution begins in
Berlin, part of a series of uprisings across Europe.
- 1922
– Mohandas Gandhi Sentenced: Indian leader Mahatma Gandhi is sentenced
to six years in prison for civil disobedience against British rule,
although he served only two years.
- 1965
– First Spacewalk: Soviet cosmonaut Alexei Leonov becomes the first
person to conduct a spacewalk, lasting 12 minutes outside the Voskhod 2
spacecraft.
- 1978
– Bhutto Sentenced to Death: Former Prime Minister of Pakistan,
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, was sentenced to death for the alleged murder of
Nawab Muhammad Ahmad Khan, a dissident of the Pakistan People's Party.
- 1990
– Germany Reunification Begins: East Germany holds its first free
elections, leading to the process of German reunification.
- 2014
– Crimea Votes to Join Russia: Crimea formally applies to join Russia
after a controversial referendum.
Birthdays:
- 1602
– Jacques de Billy: French mathematician known for contributions to
number theory.
- 1837
– Grover Cleveland: 22nd and 24th President of the United States.
- 1869
– Neville Chamberlain: British Prime Minister, known for his policy of
appeasement towards Nazi Germany.
- 1932
– John Updike: American novelist, poet, and critic.
- 1938
– Shashi Kapoor: Indian actor, producer, and member of the famous
Kapoor film family.
- 1963
– Vanessa L. Williams: American singer, actress, and former Miss
America.
- 1979
– Adam Levine: American singer and lead vocalist of Maroon 5.
Deaths:
- 1584
– Ivan the Terrible: First Tsar of Russia, infamous for his violent
reign.
- 1845
– Johnny Appleseed: American pioneer who introduced apple trees to
parts of the U.S.
- 1965
– King Farouk of Egypt: Deposed Egyptian monarch.
- 2017
– Chuck Berry: American guitarist, singer, and pioneer of rock and
roll.